i understand what your saying andrew, i did finite element analysis in my thesis, you are rite, im not desputing that, but my maths isnt flawed, in my actualy equations i take into account piston sizes, but i can hardly post 8pages of pure maths on this site, so i took the simple parts and posted those, i thort you were saying that pressure has nothing to do with area, were infact pressure is derived from area, i'e appologised for calling you a retard, ed's arogance realy pisses me off, but my maths isnt flawed